It offers 30 mg of zinc per capsule and is free of gluten, dairy, soy, and artificial flavors. It’s also free of common food allergens, such as wheat, gluten, soy, eggs, milk, and tree nuts. People with a vitamin D deficiency should consult a healthcare professional for vitamin D dosing recommendations. However, keep in mind that this supplement does not contain enough vitamin D to treat low or deficient vitamin D levels. It features vitamin D3, which can increase vitamin D blood levels more and for longer than vitamin D2.
Like high testosterone, there’s no definitive range as to what is considered low testosterone, or hypogonadism, in women. High levels of testosterone in females may indicate polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), adrenal tumors, ovarian tumors, or hermaphroditism (having both female and male sex organs). Both males and females produce testosterone in their bodies, but males typically have much higher levels of it. To avoid potential side effects, be sure to talk with a healthcare professional before using any of the supplements listed above, especially if you have any underlying health conditions or are taking any medications. Vitamin D, magnesium, and zinc may also have testosterone-boosting effects. A healthcare professional can run tests that give clues as to why your testosterone level is low.
Study 2 involved 200 healthy women within 2 years of the onset of menopause who were recruited (16) to assess the impact of high dose soy isoflavones on bone turnover markers (Figure 2B). We have shown that high-dose isoflavone intake, in comparison with isoflavone-free soy, impairs thyroid function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (Study 1) (15) and also in post-menopausal healthy women (Study 2) (16). Dietary intake of isoflavones in Asian diets has been estimated to be in the range of 30–50 mg/day of combined isoflavone aglycone equivalents that are mainly genistein and daidzein (1, 2). There is a clear need for further carefully designed studies to elucidate the effects of phytoestrogen consumption on the endocrine system. In premenopausal women, usually studied separately from postmenopausal women, uncertain results have been obtained regarding sex hormones, breast cancer protection, and bone remodeling. Results regarding cardiometabolic risk-related hormones are inconclusive in healthy subjects.
The modulation of DHEAS levels by isoflavones is complex and analysis of the mechanism/s impacting the biosynthesis and the metabolism of the conjugated steroid are not fully resolved. The decreased DHEAS levels detected in our study in both women and men would probably not be due to the inhibition of adrenal production of DHEAS, but rather the modulation of the steroid shunt in the Δ5 pathway. However, it has been reported that neither daidzein nor genistein inhibit SULT2A1 at levels as high as 25 μM (34). Previous studies had reported that neither daidzein nor genistein inhibited CYP17A1 (19). Corroborating previous reports, (17) T, free T and SHBG levels were also not influenced by the isoflavones, suggesting that the influence of the isoflavones on these steroids is not clinically significant. Assay of CYP17A1 hydroxylase and lyase activity in the Δ5 pathway in H295R cells in the presence of 10 μM daidzein and 10 μM genistein after 48 h. The addition of daidzein and genistein did not change 17OHPREG levels; however, DHEA levels were decreased, approaching significance.
Sub-analysis of the data according to isoflavone dose and study duration also showed no effect. However, the authors also found a benefit on of reduced cardiovascular risk factors in the high phytoestrogen group, with a significant reduction in insulin resistance, inflammatory markers, and blood pressure. Fermented soy foods are produced with beneficial bacteria like Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, and Bacillus species that produce butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that regulates immune function and is being investigated for its protective effects on the brain. The authors discussed limitations of the review including the small number of participants, the short duration of studies (less than one year), and variation in dosages and types of soy given.
Phytoestrogens might improve bone health due to their estrogenic effects, and it has been hypothesized that they could reduce the risk of osteoporosis. They also observed that high genistein-excretors in the soy group had higher concentrations of OC, suggesting that individual variation may affect the metabolism and functions of isoflavones . Whereas most report no significant changes in any of the aforementioned hormones 158,159,160, others have found beneficial effects on insulin markers in the treatment group compared to the control 118,161,162,163, or a significant increase in adiponectin peripheral levels . Most of the trials with isoflavones have been performed in healthy postmenopausal women for durations ranging from 8 weeks to 24 months. Among published clinical trials, a research group from Italy has carried out several studies monitoring cardiovascular risk factors in women receiving 54 mg of genistein. Finally, the results of the trial with subjects at high colorectal cancer risk suggested that isoflavones might reduce the insulin-growth factor but only in equol producers .

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